Neurosurgery
Neurosurgery
Neurosurgery, or neurological surgery, is the medical specialty concerned with the prevention, diagnosis, surgical treatment, and rehabilitation of disorders which affect any portion of the nervous system including the brain, spinal cord, central and peripheral nervous system, and cerebrovascular system. Neurosurgery is a clinical discipline that studies nervous diseases that are mainly treated by surgical methods. Modern neurology is the theoretical basis of neurosurgery. Neurosurgery includes neuro-oncology, neurotraumatology, neuroangiology, stereotactic surgery, congenital malformation surgery, epilepsy, severe pain surgery, and others.
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Neurosurgery
Neurosurgery in Modern Medicine
Neurosurgery is a major branch of medicine focused on the surgical diagnosis, treatment, and management of diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This field encompasses a complex and dynamically evolving specialty that requires deep knowledge of anatomy, physiology, neurology, intensive care, and, of course, advanced surgical techniques.
Modern neurosurgery is constantly evolving. New technologies, such as neuronavigation, intraoperative MRI, endoscopic surgery, robotic surgery, stereotactic radiosurgery, enable more precise, less invasive, and effective surgeries. In addition, active research is underway in the areas of neuroprotection, nerve regeneration, and gene therapy, which will further expand the capabilities of neurosurgery in the future.
The role of the neurosurgeon is determined not only by direct surgical intervention, but also by the integrated management of diagnostic, therapeutic, and rehabilitation processes.
Main Diseases in Neurosurgery
Neurosurgical practice covers a wide range of pathologies, from traumatic injuries, vascular diseases, tumors, epilepsy, movement disorders, pain syndromes, congenital anomalies, and infectious processes.
Diagnosis involves the use of CT, MRI, angiography, EEG, and EMG. Surgical interventions are high-tech and include tumor removal, aneurysm clipping, hematoma evacuation, and more. Neurosurgeons collaborate with neurologists, oncologists, and other specialists. Rehabilitation is important for restoring function. Neurosurgery also plays an important role in the prevention of diseases.